一、中国向何处去? 同西欧世界接触以来,对日本来说,中国越来越成为一个看不懂的国家。 明治维新以前的中国,虽然由于包括朝代更替在内的混乱,有时破例成为被侮辱的对象,但基本上作为文化发达的国家,为日本人所尊敬。在这一意义上,传统日本人的中国观,可以说是一贯的。然而,西欧现代化开始以来,日本人的中国观,常常由 First, where does China go? Since the engagement with the Western European world, China has increasingly become an invisible country to Japan. Before the Meiji Restoration, China, though sometimes exceptionally humiliating as a result of chaos including the dynastic alternation, basically respected as a country with a developed culture. In this sense, the traditional Japanese concept of China can be said to be consistent. However, since the beginning of Western Europe’s modernization, the Japanese concept of China has often been dictated by others