能源现已成为人类赖以生存的重要资源;近年来能源的生产及耗用增长很快。能源的大量使用既是现代化的象征,也极大地改善了人类生产及生活条件;但世界上的常规能源资源日益枯竭,大量石炭类能源的利用使全球的环境污染日趋严重。能源已成为一个世界各国共同关心的问题并已提到了国际重要议事日程上来。 Energy has now become an important source of human survival; in recent years, energy production and consumption have increased rapidly. The massive use of energy is not only a symbol of modernization, but also greatly improves human production and living conditions. However, the world’s conventional energy resources are depleting. The use of a large amount of carbon-related energy sources has caused the global environmental pollution to worsen. Energy has become a common concern of all countries in the world and has been mentioned on the agenda of major international conferences.