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目的了解T2DM患者趾甲真菌病的患病率,并探讨其罹患趾甲真菌病的危险因素。方法纳入T2DM患者(T2DM组)374例及正常对照者(NC组)300名。收集受试者临床资料,并对趾甲甲屑行真菌镜检。结果 T2DM组与NC组趾甲真菌病患病率分别为49.5%和29.6%(χ2=27.05,P<0.05)。T2DM组伴趾甲真菌病年龄、DPN患病率、高血压患病率、足癣患病率及趾甲真菌病家族史比例高于NC组(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,年龄增高、足癣、趾甲真菌病家族史是T2DM患者伴趾甲真菌病的独立危险因素(OR=3.373、2.480、2.643;P均<0.05)。结论 T2DM患者趾甲真菌病的患病率较非糖尿病者增高;年龄增高、足癣、趾甲真菌病家族史是T2DM患者伴趾甲真菌病的相关因素。
Objective To understand the prevalence of toenail mycosis in T2DM patients and to explore the risk factors for toenail mycosis. Methods 374 T2DM patients (T2DM group) and 300 normal controls (NC group) were enrolled. The clinical data of the subjects were collected, and fungal examination of nail polish in toenails was performed. Results The prevalences of toenail mycosis in T2DM group and NC group were 49.5% and 29.6%, respectively (χ2 = 27.05, P <0.05). The age of T2DM patients with toenail mycosis, the prevalence of DPN, the prevalence of hypertension, the prevalence of tinea pedis and the family history of toenail mycosis were higher than those in NC group (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that family history of tinea pedis and toenail mycosis was an independent risk factor for toenail fungal disease in T2DM patients (OR = 3.373,2.480,2.643; P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of toenail mycosis in T2DM patients is higher than that in non-diabetic patients. Family history of tinea pedis and toenail mycosis is a related factor of fungous onenail in T2DM patients.