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一、 名词形式引导时间状语从句
1．every time/each time 每次, any time任何时候, the first time第一次, the last time最后一次, （the） next time下一次。例如：
Each time Mum comes to see me, she will bring me a lot of delicious food. 每次妈妈来看我，她总是给我带来好多好吃的。
You are welcome to my home any time you like. 欢迎你随时到我家来。
2．the moment/the minute/the second/the instant 译成“一……就”。例如：
I’ll call you the moment I get there. 我一到那就给你打电话。
二、 副词形式引导时间状语从句
immediately/instantly/directly/presently译成“一……就”。例如：
He telephoned me immediately he arrived there. 他一到那儿就给我打了电话。
三、 引起倒装的引导词
常用句型：No sooner + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + than 从句（一般过去时）
Hardly + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when 从句（一般过去时）
Scarcely + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when 从句（一般过去时）
例如：No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. 他刚一离开家就开始下雨了。
四、 by the time译成“到……时候为止”，常用句型：
By the time sb./sth. does/do, sb./sth. will have done.
By the time sb./sth. did, sb./sth. had done.
例如：By the time he got home last night, I had gone to bed. 到他昨天晚上到家的时候为止，我已经去睡觉了。
By the time he graduates next year, he will have got the Master’s degree. 到明年他毕业的时候为止，他将会获得硕士学位。
五、 It is + 一段时间 + since...如果从句中是短暂性动词，译成“自从……以来多长时间了”；如果从句中是延续性动词，则译成“自从……（这个动作）结束以来多长时间了”。例如：
It is five years since I came to the school. 自从我来到这所学校已经五年了。
It is five years since he smoked. 他戒烟已经五年了。
六、 It is/will be + 一段时间 + before... 译成“要过多久才……”；It was + 一段时间 + before... 译成“过了多久才……”。例如：
It will be years before we meet again. 我们要过好多年才能再见面。
It was two months before he designed the bridge. 过了两个月他才设计出这座桥。
七、 It was + 时间点 + when... 译成“当……的时候是……时间”。例如：
It was 6:00 when I got up this morning. 当我今天早晨起床的时候是六点钟。
八、 强调时间状语的句型
1. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其它成分。例如：
It was at 6:00 that I got up this morning. 我今天早晨是在六点起的床。
It was not until he came back that I went to bed. 直到他回来我才睡觉。
2. Not until 位于句首要用倒装。例如：
Not until he came back did I go to bed. 直到他回来我才睡觉。
【巩固练习】
1. I thought her nice and honest _______ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time
C. the first time D. by the first time
2. -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
-Yes. I gave it to her _______ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment
C. suddenly D. once
3. -Did Linda see the traffic accident?
-No, no sooner _______ than it happened.
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone
4. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _______ for London to attend a meeting.
A. will leave B. leaves
C. will have left D. left
5. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _______ from the university next year.
A. will graduate B. will have graduated
C. graduates D. is to graduate
6. By the time our country was liberated, the old man _______.
A. died B. had died
C. has died D. was dead
7. It is almost five years _______ we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since
C. after D. when
8. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years _______ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that
C. before D. since
9. It was evening _______ we reached the little town of Winchester.
A. that B. until
C. since D. before
10. It was some time _______ we realized the truth.
A. when B. until
C. since D. before
11. -How long do you think it will be _______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?
-Perhaps two or three years.
A. when B. until
C. that D. before
12. He was told that it would be at least three more months _______ he could recover and return to work.
A. when B. before
C. since D. that
13. -Did Jack come back early last night?
-Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _______ he arrived home.
A. before B. when
C. that D. until
14. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _______ I received the manager’s reply.
A. since B. when
C. as D. that
15. It was not until she got home ______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that
C. where D. before
16. It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in common.
A. was until; when
B. was until; that
C. wasn’t until; when
D. wasn’t until; that
17. Not until all the fish died in the river _______ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize
B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize
参考答案：1. C2. B3. A4. C5. C6. B7. B8. D9. D10. D11. D12. B13. B14. D15. B16. D17. A
[作者单位：河北省南皮县第一中学]
责任编辑：李俊
1．every time/each time 每次, any time任何时候, the first time第一次, the last time最后一次, （the） next time下一次。例如：
Each time Mum comes to see me, she will bring me a lot of delicious food. 每次妈妈来看我，她总是给我带来好多好吃的。
You are welcome to my home any time you like. 欢迎你随时到我家来。
2．the moment/the minute/the second/the instant 译成“一……就”。例如：
I’ll call you the moment I get there. 我一到那就给你打电话。
二、 副词形式引导时间状语从句
immediately/instantly/directly/presently译成“一……就”。例如：
He telephoned me immediately he arrived there. 他一到那儿就给我打了电话。
三、 引起倒装的引导词
常用句型：No sooner + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + than 从句（一般过去时）
Hardly + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when 从句（一般过去时）
Scarcely + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when 从句（一般过去时）
例如：No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. 他刚一离开家就开始下雨了。
四、 by the time译成“到……时候为止”，常用句型：
By the time sb./sth. does/do, sb./sth. will have done.
By the time sb./sth. did, sb./sth. had done.
例如：By the time he got home last night, I had gone to bed. 到他昨天晚上到家的时候为止，我已经去睡觉了。
By the time he graduates next year, he will have got the Master’s degree. 到明年他毕业的时候为止，他将会获得硕士学位。
五、 It is + 一段时间 + since...如果从句中是短暂性动词，译成“自从……以来多长时间了”；如果从句中是延续性动词，则译成“自从……（这个动作）结束以来多长时间了”。例如：
It is five years since I came to the school. 自从我来到这所学校已经五年了。
It is five years since he smoked. 他戒烟已经五年了。
六、 It is/will be + 一段时间 + before... 译成“要过多久才……”；It was + 一段时间 + before... 译成“过了多久才……”。例如：
It will be years before we meet again. 我们要过好多年才能再见面。
It was two months before he designed the bridge. 过了两个月他才设计出这座桥。
七、 It was + 时间点 + when... 译成“当……的时候是……时间”。例如：
It was 6:00 when I got up this morning. 当我今天早晨起床的时候是六点钟。
八、 强调时间状语的句型
1. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其它成分。例如：
It was at 6:00 that I got up this morning. 我今天早晨是在六点起的床。
It was not until he came back that I went to bed. 直到他回来我才睡觉。
2. Not until 位于句首要用倒装。例如：
Not until he came back did I go to bed. 直到他回来我才睡觉。
【巩固练习】
1. I thought her nice and honest _______ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time
C. the first time D. by the first time
2. -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
-Yes. I gave it to her _______ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment
C. suddenly D. once
3. -Did Linda see the traffic accident?
-No, no sooner _______ than it happened.
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone
4. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _______ for London to attend a meeting.
A. will leave B. leaves
C. will have left D. left
5. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _______ from the university next year.
A. will graduate B. will have graduated
C. graduates D. is to graduate
6. By the time our country was liberated, the old man _______.
A. died B. had died
C. has died D. was dead
7. It is almost five years _______ we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since
C. after D. when
8. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years _______ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that
C. before D. since
9. It was evening _______ we reached the little town of Winchester.
A. that B. until
C. since D. before
10. It was some time _______ we realized the truth.
A. when B. until
C. since D. before
11. -How long do you think it will be _______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?
-Perhaps two or three years.
A. when B. until
C. that D. before
12. He was told that it would be at least three more months _______ he could recover and return to work.
A. when B. before
C. since D. that
13. -Did Jack come back early last night?
-Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _______ he arrived home.
A. before B. when
C. that D. until
14. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _______ I received the manager’s reply.
A. since B. when
C. as D. that
15. It was not until she got home ______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that
C. where D. before
16. It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in common.
A. was until; when
B. was until; that
C. wasn’t until; when
D. wasn’t until; that
17. Not until all the fish died in the river _______ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize
B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize
参考答案：1. C2. B3. A4. C5. C6. B7. B8. D9. D10. D11. D12. B13. B14. D15. B16. D17. A
[作者单位：河北省南皮县第一中学]
责任编辑：李俊