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目的评价不同受教育程度的食管癌患者的生存质量现状以及受教育程度与食管癌患者生存质量的关系,为护理不同受教育程度的食管癌患者提供理论依据。方法 (1)运用便利抽样的方法,在河南省食管癌高发区的农村对食管癌患者进行问卷调查和访谈。(2)采取SPSS17.0软件进行数据处理。多组均数比较用方差检验,受教育程度与食管癌患者生存质量的关系运用Spearman相关分析,对影响不同受教育程度病人总体生存质量的因素进行多元逐步回归分析。结果受教育程度较高的食管癌患者的总体生存质量较低,认知功能较好,失眠症状较重;受教育程度较低的患者总体生存质量较高,认知功能较差,失眠症状较轻。受教育程度与食管癌患者生存质量的Spearman相关分析显示:受教育程度与疼痛(r=0.080,P<0.05)、失眠(r=0.076,P<0.05)、恶心呕吐(r=0.072,P<0.05)、便秘(r=0.087,P<0.05)、腹泻(r=0.084,P<0.05)呈正相关;受教育程度与经济困难(r=-0.085,P<0.05)呈负相关。结论受教育程度较低的食管癌患者的生存质量受疾病的认知影响较大,受教育程度较高的患者生存质量受心理压力影响较大。
Objective To evaluate the quality of life of esophageal cancer patients with different educational attainment and the relationship between education level and quality of life in esophageal cancer patients and to provide theoretical basis for nursing esophageal cancer patients with different educational attainment. Methods (1) By means of convenience sampling, questionnaires and interviews were conducted among patients with esophageal cancer in rural areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer in Henan Province. (2) SPSS17.0 software for data processing. Multiple group mean comparison using variance test, education level and quality of life of patients with esophageal cancer using Spearman correlation analysis of factors affecting the overall quality of life of patients with different educational levels by multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results The higher education level of esophageal cancer patients had lower overall quality of life, better cognitive function and heavier insomnia symptoms. Patients with lower education level had higher overall quality of life, worse cognitive function and insomnia symptoms light. Spearman correlation analysis of educational level and quality of life in patients with esophageal cancer showed that education level and pain (r = 0.080, P <0.05), insomnia (r = 0.076, P <0.05), nausea and vomiting (r = 0.05), constipation (r = 0.087, P <0.05) and diarrhea (r = 0.084, P <0.05). The level of education was negatively correlated with economic difficulties (r = -0.085, P <0.05). Conclusions The quality of life of esophageal cancer patients with lower education level is greatly influenced by disease cognition, and the quality of life of patients with higher education level is greatly influenced by psychological stress.