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笔迹鉴定中有一条基本原则,即检材与样本之间如有一个本质差异存在,则其提供了排除两者同一的依据。但是,由于对本质差异存在不同理解,这一原则在实际检案中很难进行操作。文献资料表明:目前尚无对于本质差异的统一标准。当鉴定人发现检材与样本之间存在差异时,他们面临着一个难题:是排除嫌疑人?亦或仅为无法认定嫌疑人?笔迹鉴定中十分关键的是对笔迹特征的合理解释,可能导致对差异价值的不同解释的情形有以下几种:1、检材与样本之间有单一特征或字母不同;2、书写模式上存在如草书与印刷体的不同;3、检材书写笔画质量差于样本笔画质量;4、样本不充分;5、书写有伪装,导致检材和样本之间存在明显差异。
There is a basic principle in handwriting identification that there is an essential difference between a test sample and a sample, which provides the basis for excluding the same. However, given the different understanding of the essential differences, this principle is difficult to operate in the actual prosecution. The literature shows that there is no uniform standard for essential differences. When an appraiser finds a discrepancy between the sample and the sample, they face a dilemma: whether the suspect is excluded or only the suspect can not be identified. What is crucial in handwriting identification is a reasonable interpretation of the characteristics of the handwriting, Different interpretation of the difference between the value of the following situations: 1, between the sample and the sample has a single feature or letter is different; 2, writing patterns exist as cursive and printed body; 3, the quality of the sample writing stroke is poor Sample strokes quality; 4, the sample is not sufficient; 5, written disguised, leading to significant differences between samples and samples.