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一、前言珠江流域地处亚热带,雨量充沛,各地多年平均雨量约在1,000～2,200毫米之间。但雨量分布不均匀,每年汛期(4～9月),锋面雨和台风暴雨持续出现,降雨量可占年降雨量的百分之八十;同时珠江支流众多,呈扇形分布,各支流中、上游多为高山或丘陵,干支流又缺少湖泊调蓄洪水,因此各支流的洪水很快汇集于干流,容易形成峰高量大历时长的洪水,滔滔而下,泛滥成灾。
I. Introduction The Pearl River Basin is located in the subtropical zone with abundant rainfall. The average annual rainfall over the years is about 1,000-2,200 mm. However, the rainfall is unevenly distributed. In the annual flood season (April to September), frontal rain and typhoon torrential rain continue to occur, and the rainfall may amount to 80% of the annual rainfall. At the same time, there are many tributaries of the Pearl River with fan-shaped distribution. Among the tributaries, Most of the upper reaches are mountains or hills, and the dry tributaries lack lakes to regulate floods. As a result, the floods of various tributaries soon converge on the main stream, making it easy to form long-term floods with peak heights and floods.