当前国有外贸企业(以下简称企业)状况有喜有愁。喜的是外贸事业持续发展,外贸改革逐步深化。愁的是不少企业日子并不好过,甚至很不好过。表现为亏损严重,出口下滑,以致资不抵债,朝难保夕。中西部地区问题多于沿海,中小企业困难重于大型企业。企业界认为,七分宏观,三分微观,主因是企业外部环境的挤压。政界认为,主要原因是企业不能适应市场经济的要求。笔者认为,企业的出路在努力实施企业的两个转 At present, the status of state-owned foreign trade enterprises (hereinafter referred to as enterprises) is very happy. What is pleased is the continuous development of foreign trade and the gradual deepening of foreign trade reforms. What is embarrassing is that many business days are not good or even bad. The performance was a serious loss and the export declined. As a result, the capital was insolvent and it was difficult to save the money. There are more problems in the central and western regions than in the coastal areas, and the difficulties faced by small and medium-sized enterprises are greater than those of large enterprises. The business community believes that the seven-point macro and the three-point micro-level are the main reasons for the squeeze of the company’s external environment. The politicians believe that the main reason is that companies cannot meet the requirements of the market economy. The author believes that the company’s way out is to implement the two