三百多万年前,人类的祖先已在东非活动。在漫长的历史时期,东非居民在同大自然的斗争中,在进行物质资料生产的同时,人口也在繁衍。随着生产力水平的逐步提高,东非人口缓慢增长。然而,奴隶贸易的恶浪席卷东非后,东非人口发展的正常历史进程受到阻断。进入殖民时期,在西方殖民势力的强制下,东非人口发展过程被纳入西方殖民利益所规定的轨道。本文拟以坦桑尼亚(殖民时期分别为坦噶尼喀和桑给巴尔)、肯尼亚和乌干达为例,对1890年代至1930年代的东非人口发展过程及其特点作一历史考察,不妥之处,求正于史学界。 More than three million years ago, human ancestry was active in East Africa. In the long historical period, the residents of East Africa have also multiplied their population while they are producing material data in their struggle against nature. With the gradual increase in the level of productivity, the population of East Africa is slowly increasing. However, the normal course of the population development in East Africa has been blocked after the evil wave of slave trade swept through East Africa. During the colonial period, under the impetus of the Western colonial forces, the process of population development in East Africa was incorporated into the track set by Western colonial interests. In this paper, we will take Tanzania (colonial times as Tanganyika and Zanzibar, respectively), Kenya and Uganda as an example to make a historical survey of the development process and characteristics of the East African population from the 1890s to the 1930s. In the history of science.