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目的分析2010—2014年甘肃省平凉市崆峒区法定传染病发病趋势,为今后制定传染病防控决策提供依据。方法统计分析2010—2014年平凉市崆峒区法定传染病资料。结果 5年崆峒区无甲类传染病报告,乙类和丙类共报告24种6 955例,发病前七位的传染病(以下称重点传染病)分别是手足口病1 983例、平均年发病率0.39%,其次为乙型肝炎1 675例、平均年发病率0.33%,肺结核病1 045例、平均年发病率0.20%,流行性腮腺炎778例、平均年发病率0.15%,丙型肝炎283例、平均年发病率0.06%,梅毒280例、平均年发病率0.06%,痢疾270例、平均年发病率0.05%;各年份不同传染病的发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 468.73,P<0.05);7种传染病各职业患者6 314例,散居儿童、学生、农民是发病的主要人群,乙型肝炎、肺结核病、丙型肝炎发病集中于农民,流行性腮腺炎以学生发病为主,不同职业、病种发病差异有统计学意义(Fisher=0.000,P<0.05);农村乙型肝炎发病1 328例、发病率3.90‰,城区手足口病发病866例、发病率5.07‰,农村和城区各类传染病的发病分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=492.93,P<0.05)。结论乙型肝炎、手足口病、肺结核病等7种传染病是崆峒区重点防治的法定传染病,今后应采取有效的综合措施进行防治。
Objective To analyze the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Xuelong district of Pingliang City in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2014 and provide the basis for future prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the statutory case of infectious diseases in Huangpi District, Pingliang City from 2010 to 2014. Results A total of 6 955 cases were reported in Category A and B in the first five months. The top seven infectious diseases (hereinafter referred to as the major infectious diseases) were 1 983 cases of HFMD. The mean The annual incidence was 0.39%, followed by 1 675 cases of hepatitis B, with an average annual incidence of 0.33%, 1 045 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, the average annual incidence of 0.20%, 778 cases of mumps, the average annual incidence of 0.15%, C 283 cases of hepatitis, the average annual incidence of 0.06%, 280 cases of syphilis, the average annual incidence of 0.06%, 270 cases of dysentery, the average annual incidence of 0.05%; the incidence of different infectious diseases in each year was statistically significant (χ2 = 1 468.73, P <0.05). There were 6 314 cases of occupational diseases in 7 kinds of infectious diseases. Diaspora children, students and peasants were the main population of the disease. The incidence of hepatitis B, pulmonary tuberculosis and hepatitis C were mainly in peasants, mumps The prevalence of hepatitis B in rural areas was 1328, with a prevalence of 3.90 ‰. The incidence of HFMD in urban areas was 866, and the incidence of HFMD was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas (Fisher = 0.000, P <0.05) Rate of 5.07 ‰, rural and urban areas of infectious diseases incidence of the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 492. 93, P <0.05). Conclusion Seven kinds of infectious diseases such as Hepatitis B, hand-foot-mouth disease and pulmonary tuberculosis are the legal infectious diseases with emphasis on prevention and treatment in Houbouchu District. Effective prevention and treatment should be taken in the future.