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沉积物重金属污染对水生生态系统具有潜在生态危害。本研究对取自沈家门—朱家尖—桃花附近海域10个站位表层沉积物中的重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As元素进行了分析,探讨了其空间分布和污染特征,运用Hakanson潜在生态风险评价指数法,评价了表层沉积物中重金属的潜在生态风险。结果表明:沈家门、朱家尖附近海域表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、As等元素含量略高于桃花附近海域,沈家门、朱家尖附近海域Cd、Hg 2种元素明显高于桃花岛附近海域。沈家门—朱家尖—桃花附近海域沉积物Cd、Cr、Hg、As处于低污染水平,Cu、Pb、Zn处于中等污染水平。沈家门—朱家尖—桃花附近海域表层沉积物重金属综合潜在生态风险处于低水平,潜在风险程度依次为As>Cu>Pb>Cd>Hg>Cr>Zn,对该海域潜在生态风险最大的重金属元素是As。
Heavy metal pollution of sediments has potential ecological risk to aquatic ecosystem. In this study, the elements Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg and As were analyzed from the surface sediments of 10 stations in the waters near Shenjiamen-Zhujiajian-Peach, and the spatial distribution and pollution Characteristics, using Hakanson potential ecological risk assessment index method to evaluate the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments. The results showed that the contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and As in surface sediments near Shenjiamen and Zhujiajian were slightly higher than those in the waters near Peach Blossom. The contents of Cd and Hg in the sediments near Shenjiamen and Zhujiajian were significantly higher In the waters near Peach Blossom Island. The contents of Cd, Cr, Hg, As in Shenjiamen-Zhujiajian-Peach near the sea were low pollution level, but Cu, Pb and Zn were moderate pollution level. The potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediments near Shenhua-Zhujiajian-Peach Blossom Area is at a low level, and the potential risks are As> Cu> Pb> Cd> Hg> Cr> Zn, The element is As.