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— A number of students ______ in the dining hall.
— Let me count. The number of the students _______ about 400.（黑龙江省）
A. are；is B. is；are C. are；are
此题答案为A。a number of与the number of虽然只是冠词的差别，但意思区别很大：a number of意为“一些、许多”，后跟复数名词，谓语动词一般用复数形式；the number of意为“……的数量”，后跟复数名词，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
在英语中，有些词组或短语虽然从形式上看只是相差一个冠词而已，但在意义上却截然不同。如果同学们在平时的学习中不予以重视，很容易望文生义，甚至张冠李戴。
一、有无不定冠词导致意义上的变化
1. at table（在用餐）→ at a table（在桌旁）
Children must learn to behave at table. 小孩吃饭要有规矩。
They were sitting at a table playing a game. 他们正坐在桌旁玩游戏。
2. at times（有时）→ at a time（一次；连续）
At times he goes to the cinema with her. 有时他与她一起去看电影。
He can drink five bottles of beer at a time. 他一次可以喝下五瓶啤酒。
He spoke two hours at a time. 他连续讲了两个小时。
3. have words with（与……争吵）→ have a word with（与……说句话）
He had words with his wife this morning. 今天早上他同妻子吵了一架。
May I have a word with you about this problem？ 我可以就此问题同您谈谈吗？
4. at birth（出生时）→ at a birth（一胎）
On the average, male babies weigh more at birth than female ones. 一般说来男婴出生时比女婴重。
Dogs sometimes produce five or six young at a birth. 狗有时一胎生五六只小狗。
二、有无定冠词导致意义上的变化
1. in class（在上课，在课内）→ in the class（在这个班）
The teacher caught him sleeping in class. 老师发现他在上课时睡觉。
He is the youngest boy in the class. 他是全班年龄最小的男孩。
2. go to school（去上学）→ go to the school（去学校）
Some children can read and write before going to school. 有些孩子上学前已经学会了读书写字。
The mother goes to the school to see his son every day. 这位母亲每天都去学校看她的儿子。
3. leave school（毕业；中途退学）→ leave the school（离开学校）
She left school and went to university. 她中学毕业去读大学了。
His decision to leave school was a surprise to his parents. 他决定退学使他父母感到意外。
We left the school at eight for the farm. 我们于八点钟离开学校去农场。
4. go to bed（睡觉）→ go to the bed（去床边）
I usually go to bed at 10：30. 我通常十点半睡觉。
She told her son to go to the bed. 她让儿子到床边去。
5. in front of（在……前面）→ in the front of（在……内部的前面）
They sat in front of the fire to dry their wet clothes. 他们坐在炉火前以烘干他们的湿衣服。
The introduction is always in the front of the book. 书的前言总是在书的前面。
6. by sea（乘船）→ by the sea（在海边）
Did you come by land or by sea? 你是从陆路来的还是从海路来的？
Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age. 生活在海边的孩子通常很小就开始游泳。
7. on earth（究竟，到底）→ on the earth（在地球上）
What on earth do you mean？你究竟是什么意思？
There are many kinds of animals living on the earth. 地球上生活着许多种动物。
8. in open（公然）→ in the open（在露天，在户外）
To our surprise, they robbed the bank in open. 使我们吃惊的是，他们公然抢劫银行。
We used to see the films in the open, but now we are used to watching TV at home. 我们过去经常在露天看电影，但是现在我们习惯在家里看电视。
9. by day（在白天）→ by the day（按日计算）
She sleeps by day and works by night. 她白天睡觉，夜间工作。
The worker was paid by the day. 工人按日付酬。
10. out of question（毫无疑问的）→ out of the question（不可能的）
He will fail in the exam again, which is out of question. 他又将考试不及格，那是毫无疑问的。
Clearly their victory is out of the question. 很显然，他们是不可能获胜的。
三、冠词发生变化导致意义上的变化
1. a number of （许多）→ the number of （……的数目）
To get into university you have to pass a number of examinations. 进入大学你必须通过一系列考试。
The number of teachers in this school is more than 200. 这所学校的老师超过200人。
2. a total of （总数为）→ the total of （……的总数）
A total of 3,000 letters were received last month. 上个月共收到3 000封信。
The total of this month’s sales is up 20%. 这个月的销售总额上升了20%。
3. a variety of （各种各样的）→ the variety of （……的品种）
There was a variety of fruit in the shop. 商店里有各种各样的水果。
The variety of goods in this shop is rich. 这家商店里的货物品种丰富。
— A number of students ______ in the dining hall.
— Let me count. The number of the students _______ about 400.（黑龙江省）
A. are；is B. is；are C. are；are
此题答案为A。a number of与the number of虽然只是冠词的差别，但意思区别很大：a number of意为“一些、许多”，后跟复数名词，谓语动词一般用复数形式；the number of意为“……的数量”，后跟复数名词，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
在英语中，有些词组或短语虽然从形式上看只是相差一个冠词而已，但在意义上却截然不同。如果同学们在平时的学习中不予以重视，很容易望文生义，甚至张冠李戴。
一、有无不定冠词导致意义上的变化
1. at table（在用餐）→ at a table（在桌旁）
Children must learn to behave at table. 小孩吃饭要有规矩。
They were sitting at a table playing a game. 他们正坐在桌旁玩游戏。
2. at times（有时）→ at a time（一次；连续）
At times he goes to the cinema with her. 有时他与她一起去看电影。
He can drink five bottles of beer at a time. 他一次可以喝下五瓶啤酒。
He spoke two hours at a time. 他连续讲了两个小时。
3. have words with（与……争吵）→ have a word with（与……说句话）
He had words with his wife this morning. 今天早上他同妻子吵了一架。
May I have a word with you about this problem？ 我可以就此问题同您谈谈吗？
4. at birth（出生时）→ at a birth（一胎）
On the average, male babies weigh more at birth than female ones. 一般说来男婴出生时比女婴重。
Dogs sometimes produce five or six young at a birth. 狗有时一胎生五六只小狗。
二、有无定冠词导致意义上的变化
1. in class（在上课，在课内）→ in the class（在这个班）
The teacher caught him sleeping in class. 老师发现他在上课时睡觉。
He is the youngest boy in the class. 他是全班年龄最小的男孩。
2. go to school（去上学）→ go to the school（去学校）
Some children can read and write before going to school. 有些孩子上学前已经学会了读书写字。
The mother goes to the school to see his son every day. 这位母亲每天都去学校看她的儿子。
3. leave school（毕业；中途退学）→ leave the school（离开学校）
She left school and went to university. 她中学毕业去读大学了。
His decision to leave school was a surprise to his parents. 他决定退学使他父母感到意外。
We left the school at eight for the farm. 我们于八点钟离开学校去农场。
4. go to bed（睡觉）→ go to the bed（去床边）
I usually go to bed at 10：30. 我通常十点半睡觉。
She told her son to go to the bed. 她让儿子到床边去。
5. in front of（在……前面）→ in the front of（在……内部的前面）
They sat in front of the fire to dry their wet clothes. 他们坐在炉火前以烘干他们的湿衣服。
The introduction is always in the front of the book. 书的前言总是在书的前面。
6. by sea（乘船）→ by the sea（在海边）
Did you come by land or by sea? 你是从陆路来的还是从海路来的？
Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age. 生活在海边的孩子通常很小就开始游泳。
7. on earth（究竟，到底）→ on the earth（在地球上）
What on earth do you mean？你究竟是什么意思？
There are many kinds of animals living on the earth. 地球上生活着许多种动物。
8. in open（公然）→ in the open（在露天，在户外）
To our surprise, they robbed the bank in open. 使我们吃惊的是，他们公然抢劫银行。
We used to see the films in the open, but now we are used to watching TV at home. 我们过去经常在露天看电影，但是现在我们习惯在家里看电视。
9. by day（在白天）→ by the day（按日计算）
She sleeps by day and works by night. 她白天睡觉，夜间工作。
The worker was paid by the day. 工人按日付酬。
10. out of question（毫无疑问的）→ out of the question（不可能的）
He will fail in the exam again, which is out of question. 他又将考试不及格，那是毫无疑问的。
Clearly their victory is out of the question. 很显然，他们是不可能获胜的。
三、冠词发生变化导致意义上的变化
1. a number of （许多）→ the number of （……的数目）
To get into university you have to pass a number of examinations. 进入大学你必须通过一系列考试。
The number of teachers in this school is more than 200. 这所学校的老师超过200人。
2. a total of （总数为）→ the total of （……的总数）
A total of 3,000 letters were received last month. 上个月共收到3 000封信。
The total of this month’s sales is up 20%. 这个月的销售总额上升了20%。
3. a variety of （各种各样的）→ the variety of （……的品种）
There was a variety of fruit in the shop. 商店里有各种各样的水果。
The variety of goods in this shop is rich. 这家商店里的货物品种丰富。