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目的:分析某部新兵精神分裂症超高危人群的认知功能。方法:选择某战区新兵(入伍时间≤6个月)具有精神分裂症前驱症状的超高危人群37例为观察组,另选择同期入伍无精神分裂症前驱症状的健康新兵40例为对照组。采用Stroop色词测验、听觉词语学习测验(AVLT)及威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)等方法进行认知功能检测,比较两组认知功能。结果:(1)两组Stroop(字)及Stroop(色)测试成绩比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05),但观察组Stroop(色字)测试成绩非常显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)观察组AVLT即时记忆、延时记忆及延时再认记忆的测试成绩与对照组比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)两组WCST分类完成数、总错误数、持续应答数和持续错误数比较,均差异非常显著(P<0.01),观察组错误率非常显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:某部新兵精神分裂症超高危人群的认知功能出现不同程度损害,建议新兵应征体检时给予简便易行的认知测验。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cognitive function of a group of recruits with ultra-high risk of schizophrenia. Methods: Thirty-seven cases of ultra-high risk group with schizophrenia prodromal symptom were enrolled in the study. Another 40 recruits recruited as the new recruits without schizophrenia in the same period were selected as the control group. The cognitive function was tested by Stroop Color Word Test, Auditory Words Learning Test (AVLT) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). The cognitive function of the two groups was compared. Results: (1) There was no significant difference between Stroop test scores and Stroop test scores (P> 0.05), but the Stroop test scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01) ). (2) The test scores of AVLT immediate memory, delayed memory and delayed recognition memory in the observation group were not significantly different from those in the control group (P> 0.05). (3) There was significant difference (P <0.01) between WCST classification completed number, total number of errors, continuous response number and continuous error number in the two groups, and the error rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion: The cognitive function of a newly recruited schizophrenia population at high risk shows different degrees of impairment. It is suggested that recruits should be given a simple and easy cognitive test when applying for medical examination.