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水资源短缺是中国西北干旱地区长期的问题,区域人口增加、城市化扩张,加之气候变化的影响进一步加剧了西北地区水资源短缺,也使生活用水、灌溉用水、工业用水和维持生态系统稳定的用水危险加剧.采用分布式大流域径流模型(DLBRM)模拟黑河流域水文(中国第二大内陆河,流域面积128 000 km2)来理解区域的冰川和积雪融化水、地下水、地表水、蒸散发等方面的分布,评估气候变化对水文的影响和冰川退缩对中游和下游来水量的影响.模拟结果表明,黑河流域的大部分产流那源于黑河上游地区的祁连山.模拟1990—2000年黑河河流日流量变化结果认为,黑河中游正义峡给下游的供水为10×108m3,其中地表径流占51%,层间流占49%.中游地区沙土具有较高的蒸腾发能力,近一半的地表水被蒸发掉.模拟实践证明,分布式大流域径流模型可以结合气候变化、水资源管理方面的成果,改进流域水文模拟的精度.
Water shortages are a long-term problem in the arid region of northwestern China. Increasing population and urbanization in the region combined with the impact of climate change have further exacerbated the shortage of water resources in the northwestern region as well as domestic water, irrigation water, industrial water and the maintenance of ecosystem stability (DLBRM) is used to simulate the hydrology of the Heihe River basin (the second inland river in China with a basin area of 128,000 km2) to understand the effects of glacial and snow melt water, groundwater, surface water, evapotranspiration And other aspects of the distribution to assess the impact of climate change on hydrology and glacier retreat on the impact of the midstream and downstream water.The simulation results show that most of the Heihe River Basin runoff that originated in the Qilian Mountains in the upper reaches of the Heihe River.Modeling 1990-2000 According to the daily change of Heihe River, the supply of water to the downstream of Zhengyi Gorge in the middle reaches of Heihe River is 10 × 108m3, of which surface runoff accounts for 51% and interflow between them accounts for 49% .The sandy soil in the middle reaches possesses high evapotranspiration capacity and nearly half of the surface Water is evaporated off.Modeling practice has proved that the distributed runoff model can combine the results of climate change and water resources management, Hydrologic modeling accuracy into the basin.