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细胞膜作为活细胞选择性渗透屏障是细胞存活和功能的必要组成部分。然而,在许多情况下,外源性活性物质通过胞浆膜的有效传递存在物质运输至胞内的主要屏障。在过去20年里,多肽转运药物至细胞的潜能被许多细胞穿透肽的发现而重视。细胞穿透肽作为载体可以有效转运如小干扰RNA、核酸、蛋白质、小分子治疗物质、荧光量子点和磁共振成像造影剂等物质。本文主要介绍了细胞穿透肽的分类和细胞摄取机制,及其作为新型载体在细胞成像、核定位、p H-敏感和热靶向传递系统发展中的应用前景。
Cell membrane as a viable cell permselective barrier is an integral part of cell survival and function. However, in many cases, the effective transport of the exogenous active substance through the cytoplasmic membrane entails the transport of the substance to the major barrier within the cell. Over the past two decades, the potential of peptides to transport drugs to cells has been emphasized by the discovery of many cell-penetrating peptides. Cell-penetrating peptides, as vectors, can efficiently transport substances such as small interfering RNAs, nucleic acids, proteins, small molecule therapeutics, fluorescent quantum dots, and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. This article mainly introduces the classification and cellular uptake mechanism of cell penetrating peptides and their potential application as a new vector in the development of cellular imaging, nuclear localization, p H-sensitive and heat-targeting delivery systems.