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车轮轮辐底面的不平度会影响轮胎螺栓的松动和径向、轴向振摆超差,严重时会影响操作和制动性能,引起振动和降低疲劳寿命等。 文中通过对车轮结构和焊接变型原因的分析指出:轮网和轮辐连接焊缝的焊接变型及二者的过盈配合是造成轮辐底面不平的主要原因。为此提出:增强轮辐底面刚性,减弱辐缘刚性,提高焊缝处轮网和辐缘端部的刚性以及适当减少装配过盈量等结构措施,藉以提高车轮的几何精度。 为了满足上述要求,文中提出了各种合理的结构形式供设计参考。
Unevenness at the bottom of the wheel spoke will affect the loosening of the tire bolts and radial and axial chatter tolerance, serious operation and braking performance will be affected, causing vibration and reduce fatigue life. The paper analyzes the causes of the wheel structure and welding deformation, and points out that the welding deformation of the wheel web and the spokes and the interference fit are the main causes of the unevenness of the spoke. In order to improve the geometrical accuracy of the wheel, some suggestions are put forward such as strengthening the rigidity of the bottom surface of the spoke, weakening the rigidity of the flange, improving the rigidity of the wheel net and the edge of the flange, and reducing the assembly interference appropriately. In order to meet the above requirements, various reasonable structural forms are proposed for design reference.