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生产关系是劳动者与生产资料的结合方式,是物质生产的社会形式,它与生产力构成社会生产不可分割的两个方面。特定的生产关系总是在特定的生产力的基础上产生的,反过来又促进或阻碍生产力的发展。人们对于生产关系的构成要素,也有很多争论之处,但生产关系的核心和基础是所有制关系,它所反映的是人与人的关系,这是众所公认的。但是,这种人与人的关系,是在生产过程中即人与自然之间的物质变换过程中通过人与物相结合所发生的人与人的关系,生产关系就是这种人与物相结合的社会形式。这就表明,现实的生产关系总是要和人与物两个方面发生联系。脱离了物(生产资料)的生产关系,或者脱离了人(劳动者)的生产关系,实际上都是不存在的。按照马克思主义关于生产关系的构成原理,全部生产关系的基础和核心是所有制关系,而所有制关系包括生产资料所有制和劳动力所有制两个方面。对于生产资料所有制这个方面,人们无疑没有异议;对于劳动力所有制这个方面,特别是劳动力存在着私有和公有的两重属性,则往往被人们所
The relationship of production is a combination of laborers and means of production, the social form of material production, which is inseparable from the fact that productive forces constitute an integral part of social production. Specific relations of production are always produced on the basis of a particular productivity, which in turn promotes or discourages the development of productive forces. There are many controversies about the components of the relations of production. However, it is generally acknowledged that the core and foundation of the relations of production are the relations of ownership and the relations between people as reflected in them. However, this relationship between man and man is the relationship between man and man through the combination of man and matter in the process of production, that is, the process of material transformation between man and nature, and the relations of production are such people and things Combination of social forms. This shows that the actual relations of production always have to be related to both the human and the material aspects. The fact that they were separated from the relations of production (means of production) or from the relations of production of people (laborers) virtually did not exist. According to the Marxist principle of the composition of the relations of production, the basis and core of all the relations of production are the relations of ownership, while the relations of ownership include the ownership of the means of production and the ownership of labor. There is no doubt that there is no objection to the ownership of the means of production. For the labor-labor sector, in particular, the dual nature of the private and public ownership of the labor force,