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目的了解我国玉米中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、黄曲霉毒素B2(AFB2)、黄曲霉毒素G1(AFG1)和黄曲霉毒素G2(AFG2)污染的关系。方法用统计方法分析玉米中任意两种毒素污染率、污染浓度的相关性;计算AFB1与总黄曲霉毒素(AFs)的数量关系,分析AFB1在AFs中的构成。结果 AFB1检出率最高,AFB2没有单独污染,均伴随AFB1。任两种毒素浓度呈正相关(P=0.000),AFB1、AFB2、AFG1与AFG2的相关系数均大于0.95。任两种毒素检出率有相关性(P=0.000),AFB1和AFB2相关性最强。随AFB1浓度区间增高,AFB2检出率增高,AFG1和AFG2检出率先升高后降低;AFB1与AFs浓度比升高,AFs高于4μg/kg时,浓度比超过0.5。结论 AFB1和AFB2污染密切相关,AFB2伴随AFB1,二者污染率和浓度呈正向变化。当AFB1浓度较高时,对AFG1和AFG2呈现抑制作用。按照AFs限量是AFB1的两倍,当玉米中AFs限量在4μg/kg以上时,同时制定AFB1和AFs限量,与仅制定AFB1限量相比,不增加管理效力。
Objective To understand the relationship between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), afB2 (AFB2), afgatoxin G1 (AFG1) and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) in maize in China. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between the contamination rate and the concentration of any two toxins in maize. The quantitative relationship between AFB1 and total aflatoxins (AFs) was calculated, and the composition of AFB1 in AFs was analyzed. Results The highest detection rate of AFB1 and AFB2 was not associated with AFB1 alone. There was a positive correlation between the two toxins (P = 0.000). The correlation coefficients of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 were all greater than 0.95. The detection rate of any two toxins was correlated (P = 0.000), AFB1 and AFB2 had the strongest correlation. With the increase of AFB1 concentration, the detection rate of AFB2 increased. The detection rates of AFG1 and AFG2 firstly increased and then decreased. The concentration ratio of AFB1 and AFs increased. When the AFs was higher than 4μg / kg, the concentration ratio exceeded 0.5. Conclusions AFB1 and AFB2 are closely related to the pollution. AFB2 is associated with AFB1, both of which show a positive change in the contamination rate and concentration. When AFB1 concentration is higher, AFG1 and AFG2 show inhibition. The AFB1 limit is twice that of AFB1. When the AFs limit is 4μg / kg or more in maize, the AFB1 and AFs limits are set at the same time, and the management effectiveness is not increased compared with the AFB1 limit alone.