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当今工程技术的进展,已经不能只满足于测量已知材料的宏观性质的数据来作为选择材料的根据,而要求逐步深入到借助量子力学,统计物理、晶体缺陷等近代理论来了解材料的微观结构及其行为,了解原子、分子的结合状态和堆垛形态如何影响材料的各种宏观性能。以这些知识为依据,借助现代科学技术,创造出具有指定性能的新材料。这就是所谓的分子设计,也就是材料科学与工程的努力方向。固体材料理论指出;分子的元素组成,各原子组成分子的空间构型以及分子相互堆垛的序列三条微观结构因素,决定了材料的宏观性能。复合材料则是两种以上性能各异的原材料,通过选择组份的形态、比例和不同的排布,经过复合而获得的不同于其原材料性能的一种新材料。这里所指的组份的形态、比例
Progress in engineering today can no longer be satisfied merely by measuring the macroscopic properties of known materials as a basis for selection of materials, but requires gradual deepening understanding of the microstructure of materials using modern theories such as quantum mechanics, statistical physics, and crystal defects And their behavior, to understand how atomic and molecular bonding states and stacking patterns affect the macroscopic properties of the material. Based on this knowledge, modern science and technology are used to create new materials with specified properties. This is the so-called molecular design, which is the direction of material science and engineering efforts. The theory of solid materials points out that the molecular composition of the elements, the spatial configuration of the individual atoms and the sequence of the three molecules stacking each other determine the macroscopic properties of the material. Composite materials are two or more different properties of raw materials, by selecting the composition of the form, proportion and different arrangements, obtained by compounding a new material different from the performance of their raw materials. Here refers to the composition of the form, ratio