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目的探讨极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)病因及并发症,以提高其存活率及生存质量。方法将本院5年来收治的87例VLBWI按胎龄分2组,即胎龄<32周和≥32周,对其病因及并发症进行比较。结果 VLBWI主要原因有妊娠高血压疾病、高龄产妇、胎膜早破、多胎妊娠为主,呼吸暂停、窒息、颅内出血、肺透明膜病、低血糖是VLBWI最常见的并发症,胎龄越小,存活率越低,并发症发生率越高。结论应加强对高危孕妇围产期监测,减少VLBWI发生率,对VLBWI应收入NICU病房监护,及时发现各种并发症,并尽早给予妥善处理,可降低VLBWI的死亡率及致残率。
Objective To investigate the etiology and complications of very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) in order to improve the survival rate and quality of life. Methods 87 cases of VLBWI treated in our hospital for 5 years were divided into two groups according to gestational age, that is, gestational age <32 weeks and ≥ 32 weeks, and the etiology and complications were compared. Results The main causes of VLBWI were hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, advanced maternal age, premature rupture of membranes, multiple pregnancy, apnea, asphyxia, intracranial hemorrhage, hyaline membrane disease and hypoglycemia were the most common complication of VLBWI. , The lower the survival rate, the higher the incidence of complications. Conclusions Perinatal monitoring should be strengthened in high-risk pregnant women to reduce the incidence of VLBWI. The VLBWI should be admitted to the NICU ward for timely detection of various complications and appropriate treatment as soon as possible to reduce the VLBWI mortality and morbidity.