本文借助于空腔膨胀理论研究和分析了弹丸及火箭侵彻器在岩石和土壤中的侵彻作用机理．从而建立了相应的弹道计算模型，并通过算例验证了该模型的正确性。 In this paper, the mechanism of penetration of projectile and rocket penetrater into rock and soil is studied and analyzed with cavity expansion theory. The corresponding ballistic calculation model is established, and the correctness of the model is verified by an example.