Optical spin splitting has attracted significant attention owing to its potential applications in quantum information and precision metrology. However, it is typically small and cannot be controlled efficiently. Here, we enhance the spin splitting by tran
Integrated scatterometer for qualification of superpolished substrates for laser-gyro by surface scatter loss measurement is constructed. Different from the qualification of substrate by surface roughness, the scatterometer measures the forward surface sc
TiO2nanorod arrays (NRAs) were synthesized directly on the fluorine tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates by a facile hydrothermal route. The effects of growth time on the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of TiO2NRAs are inves