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自2004年起,中国部分沿海地区开始出现用工荒,尤其是春节后用工荒问题,引起了社会各界的关注,今年同样如此。新春伊始,许多地方又闹起了用工荒。与往年不同的是,今年不仅沿海地区招工难,连历来大量输出劳动力的中西部省份也加入了“闹荒”行列。在2010年的政府工作报告中,有一句话对当前的就业总体形势作出了描述:“就业压力总体上持续增加和结构性用工短缺的矛盾并存。”在这场或将持续下去的用工荒中,“结构性用工短缺”被表现得淋漓尽致:一方面权威数字透露中国不缺劳动力,一方面许多企业高喊招不到工。为什么进城务工者开始“挑剔工作”?这是由多方面的原因造成的。在这个群体里,有的是传统意义上的农民工,他们哪里能赚到更多的钱就去哪里,而且还要照顾家乡的农业生产,留守儿童也是农民工留在家里的重要原因;有的是新生代农民工,他们开始比父辈有了更多的关于人生方向和道路选择的思考,尝试着改变固有的生活模式。此外,中西部地区承接了大量转移过来的企业,吸收了农村的富余劳动力。
Since 2004, labor shortage began to emerge in some parts of China's coastal areas, especially the labor shortage after the Spring Festival, which aroused the concern of all walks of life. This year is the same. At the beginning of the new year, many places are raging labor shortage again. The difference with previous years is that not only the recruitment of workers in the coastal areas is difficult this year, but also the central and western provinces that have consistently exported a large amount of workforce have also joined the ranks of “troubled cities”. In the 2010 government work report, there was a sentence describing the overall employment situation as a whole: “Employment pressures continue to increase overall and contradictions exist in the structural shortage of labor.” In this or continuing employment In the wild, “structural shortage of labor ” was most vividly demonstrated: on the one hand authoritative figures revealed that China does not lack labor, on the one hand, many companies shouted out of work. Why did migrant workers start “critical job ”? This is caused by many reasons. In this group, some are migrant workers in the traditional sense, where they can make more money go there, but also take care of the agricultural production in their hometown. Left-behind children are also an important reason why migrant workers stay at home; some are new generation Migrant workers, who began to think more about their life direction and choice of road than their fathers, tried to change the inherent mode of living. In addition, the central and western regions have undertaken large numbers of transferred enterprises and absorbed surplus rural labor.