育种技术经历了以20世纪30年代杂交玉米(Zea mays)、60年代矮秆水稻(Oryza sativa)和小麦(Triticum aestivum)的绿色革命、80年代转基因抗虫棉(Gossypium hirsutum)等重大科技成果为代表的传统育种、遗传育种和分子育种的3次变革,每一次变革都为解决粮食短缺问题和促进育种科技跨越发展做出了巨大贡献.然而这些科技成果的取得仍难以满足人类对粮食日益增长的需求,据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)预测,2050年粮食需求将会翻番,这就需要作物产量保持年增长2.4%以上,因此迫切 The breeding technology has undergone a green revolution based on hybrid maize (Zea mays) in the 1930s, Oryza sativa and Triticum aestivum in the 1960s, and major scientific and technological achievements such as Gossypium hirsutum in the 1980s Representing three changes in traditional breeding, genetic breeding and molecular breeding, each of them made a great contribution to solving the food shortage and promoting the development of breeding science and technology, however, these achievements in science and technology still can not meet the growing demand of mankind for food According to forecasts by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) that food demand will double by 2050, which will require crop production to maintain an annual increase of more than 2.4%, there is an urgent need