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声学性能良好的超声阵列传感器是确保局部放电检测成功率和定位精度的基础,目前国内外尚未开展局部放电超声阵列传感器声学性能的定量评价研究。该文提出一种基于定向准确度参数的局部放电超声阵列传感器声学性能定量评价方法。分析平面方形阵和均匀圆环阵的指向性函数及其分布,推导得到阵列传感器的定向准确度与指向性函数的关系,并采用定向准确度作为评价指标,对两种阵列结构的声学性能进行量化评价。应用FastDOA算法,仿真研究不同阵元个数时,两种阵列结构的窄带局部放电超声信号测向精度与定向准确度之间的变化规律,结果表明,同一阵列形式,局部放电超声阵列传感器定向准确度参数值越小,测向精度越高,表明声学性能越好;相同阵元个数下,均匀圆环阵的定向准确度值较方阵要小,表明圆阵声学性能更优。最后,采用自行设计研制的3×3方阵与9元均匀圆环阵在实验室采集同一宽带局部放电超声信号,并应用同一聚焦、测向算法进行局部放电超声信号的测向研究,实验结果验证了该文方法的正确性。
Acoustic array sensors with good acoustic performance are the basis of ensuring the success rate of PD detection and positioning accuracy. At present, the quantitative evaluation of the acoustic performance of partial discharge ultrasonic array sensors has not been carried out at home and abroad. This paper presents a method for quantitative evaluation of acoustic performance of partial discharge ultrasonic array sensors based on directional accuracy parameters. The directivity function and its distribution of planar square array and uniform circular array are analyzed. The relationship between directional accuracy and directivity function of array sensor is deduced. The directional accuracy is used as evaluation index to evaluate the acoustic performance of the two array structures Quantitative evaluation. The FastDOA algorithm was used to simulate the variation rule of the accuracy and orientation accuracy of the narrowband partial discharge ultrasonic signals with different array elements when the number of different array elements was simulated. The results show that the same array type, The smaller the degree parameter value, the higher the direction finding accuracy, indicating that the better the acoustic performance. Under the same number of array elements, the orientation accuracy of the uniform circular array is smaller than that of the square array, indicating that the acoustic performance of the circular array is better. Finally, the same wideband partial discharge ultrasonic signal was collected in the laboratory using 3 × 3 square array and 9 element uniform circular array designed by ourselves, and the same focusing and direction finding algorithm was used to study the direction finding of partial discharge ultrasonic signal. The experimental results The correctness of the method is verified.