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目的探讨十堰市未婚女性人工流产率和重复流产情况。方法随机选取2015年4-11月在该院实施人工流产的18~28岁未婚女性422名为调查对象,分为重复人工流产组(161名)和对照组(261名),在知情同意、信息保密以及自愿参与的原则下,由经过统一培训的调查员现场进行匿名问卷调查。收集调查对象的一般资料,如首次性行为、年龄、是否重复流产、是否有多性伴侣、避孕频率、文化程度、妊娠原因以及目前是否与异性同居等。结果十堰市未婚女性重复人工流产率为38.2%,而关于性和生殖健康的知识得分普遍不高,不同年龄、不同文化程度、不同职业、不同户口所在地的调查对象评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组在是否多性伴侣和目前是否与异性同居两项调查中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在首次性行为年龄以及首次性行为意愿方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本次调查妊娠原因中没有使用避孕措施占58.9%,避孕失败占31.3%,起初想要孩子占8.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.98,P=0.003)。结论不使用避孕措施或使用避孕措施不正确以及与异性同居和多性伴侣均是发生重复人工流产的危险因素。因此日常生活中加强对未婚青年性知识和生殖健康教育,对于降低未婚女性人工流产率和重复流产率有着重要的意义。
Objective To investigate the abortion rate and repeated abortion of unmarried women in Shiyan City. Methods Four hundred and seventy-two unmarried women aged 18-28 years from April to November in 2015 were enrolled in the study. They were divided into repeated induced abortion group (161 persons) and control group (261 persons). After informed consent, Confidential information and voluntary participation, anonymous questionnaires were conducted on-site by the uniformly trained investigators. General information such as first sex, age, repeat abortion, polygamy, frequency of contraception, educational level, causes of pregnancy, and whether or not they are currently living with the opposite sex are collected. Results In unmarried women in Shiyan, the rate of repeated abortion was 38.2%, while the knowledge scores on sexual and reproductive health were generally not high. There were significant differences in the scores of survey subjects of different ages, different educational levels, different occupations and different hukou (P <0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in whether they were polygamous couples and whether they were living with heterosexuals at present (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the age of first sexual behavior and first intention of sexual intercourse (P> 0.05 ). In the survey, 58.9% did not use contraception, 31.3% failed contraceptives, and 8.6% wanted children at first. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 13.98, P = 0.003). Conclusions Failure to use contraceptives or use of contraceptives, and cohabitation with heterosexuals and polygamists are risk factors for repeated induced abortion. Therefore, strengthening daily education for unmarried young people’s sexual knowledge and reproductive health is of great significance for reducing the rate of abortion and repeated abortion of unmarried women.