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做颅底肿瘤手术可在直视下达到病灶,但肿瘤摘除后的重建是困难的。即使肿瘤能摘除也有合并术后脑脊液漏或脑脊膜炎的重大危险。随着近年来颅颌面外科的进步,出现了进入颅底的各种手术方法,已能在直视下手术切除肿瘤,同时开发了新的骨瓣和肌瓣,重建颅底已有可能,从而使颅底部手术飞速发展。颅底肿瘤必须手术治疗的有来源于颅骨内的肿瘤、脑膜瘤和神经鞘瘤,来源于颅骨外的基底细胞癌、鳞癌、鼻咽癌、血管球瘤、斜坡脊索瘤等。术前通过CT或NMR检查确诊肿瘤位置后,必须由脑外科、耳鼻喉科、眼科、外科共同切除肿瘤。局部产生的颅底缺损处额叶、颞叶、枕叶的硬膜与副鼻窦或鼻咽腔直接接触,为了预防由于脑脊液漏或逆行性感染所致的脑膜炎,在切除的同时必须予以重建。
Skull base tumor surgery can be achieved under direct vision lesions, but reconstruction after tumor removal is difficult. Even if the tumor can be removed, there is a significant risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage or meningitis. With the progress of craniomaxillofacial surgery in recent years, there have been various surgical approaches to the skull base. Surgery has been performed to remove the tumor under direct vision. At the same time, new bone flap and muscle flap have been developed and it is possible to reconstruct the skull base. So that the rapid development of surgery at the base of the skull. Skull base tumors must be surgically derived from the tumor within the skull, meningiomas and schwannoma, derived from the skull outside the basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, glomus tumors, ramp chordoma. Preoperative diagnosis of the tumor by CT or NMR examination after the position, must be brain surgery, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, surgery together to remove the tumor. Localized skull base defects at the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe dura and nasal sinus or nasopharyngeal direct contact, in order to prevent due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage or retrograde infection due to meningitis, resection must be reconstructed .