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激光小角散射技术对用于测定固态高聚物的球晶结构是一种有效和简便的测试方法。本工作应用自制激光小角散射仪测定了聚丙烯、尼龙6和聚酯薄膜中球晶半径的变化。随着结晶温度的提高,等规聚丙烯和尼龙6的球晶半径逐渐增加,但聚酯在150℃附近出现最大值。对聚丙烯纤维中的球晶形态也进行了探讨。实验表明聚丙烯纤维在熔纺成形过程中球晶内部的晶片主轴发生了偏转。
The laser small-angle scattering technique is an effective and simple test method for determining the spherulitic structure of solid polymer. In this work, the changes of spherulite radius in polypropylene, nylon 6 and polyester film were measured by self-made laser small-angle scatterometer. With the increase of the crystallization temperature, the spherulite radius of isotactic polypropylene and nylon 6 gradually increased, but the maximum value of polyester appeared at around 150 ℃. Spherulite morphology in polypropylene fibers was also investigated. The experimental results show that the spindles of the spherulites inside the spherulites of polypropylene fibers are deflected during the process of melt spinning.