文物是人类社会发展的重要产物,是历史遗留下来的重要文化瑰宝,它见证了我国各个历史时期的重要发展。对研究我国历史的朝代更迭,历史事件的发生、历史人物的出现以及各个时期的社会关系有着重要的价值。因而文物保护就显得尤为重要,谈到文物的保护,与之相关的文物环境因素是不容回避的话题,本文着重分析了大气、水、辐射、水土流失、人为因素等环境因素对文物的影响,并就文物考古环境的保护提出了几点看法。 Cultural relics are an important product of the development of human society and an important cultural gem left over from history. They have witnessed the important development in various historical periods in our country. It is of great value to study the change of the dynasty in our history, the occurrence of historical events, the emergence of historical figures and the social relations in various periods. Therefore, the protection of cultural relics is particularly important. When it comes to the protection of cultural relics and related cultural relics and environmental factors are unavoidable topics, this paper focuses on the analysis of the impact of environmental factors such as atmosphere, water, radiation, soil erosion and human factors on cultural relics, And put forward some views on the protection of cultural relics archeological environment.