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在涉外消费纠纷中,可从实体法和冲突法层面分析《消法》第55条惩罚性赔偿是否构成《适用法》第4条国际强制性规定。在冲突法层面的认定,应首先以惩罚与遏制经营者不法行为为目的考虑消费行为地法。同时,需考虑经营者的承受能力即主营业地和实际营业地法。且应严格、谨慎认定国际强制性规定。
In the disputes concerning foreign consumption, it can be analyzed from the substantive and conflict-of-law levels whether the punitive damages of Article 55 of the Consumer Law constitute the international mandatory provisions of Article 4 of the Applicable Law. Confirmation at the level of conflict law should first consider the law of consumer behavior for the purpose of punishing and deterring the wrongdoing of operators. At the same time, we must consider the bearing capacity of managers that is the main place of business and the actual place of business law. And should be strict, prudent determination of the international mandatory provisions.