“古今自由之争”是欧洲启蒙时代与法国大革命时期风行一时的议题。贡斯当在吸收前人自由学说的基础上,根据大革命后的重建经验,提出了其独具特色的现代自由理论。贡斯当的原创性在于力图将两种自由有机地结合起来。他强调问题的关键其实并不在于放弃一种自由以换取另一种自由,而是如何在两种自由间构建起一种互为补充的辩证关系,从而创造出一种政治自由与个人自由和谐共存的宪政体制。 “The dispute between ancient and modern freedom ” is a popular issue in the era of Enlightenment in Europe and the French Revolution. On the basis of assimilating the theory of freedom of the predecessors and based on the experience of reconstruction after the Great Revolution, the article put forward his unique theory of modern freedom. The originality of Gensdon lies in trying to combine the two kinds of freedom organically. He emphasized that the crux of the issue is actually not to abandon one kind of freedom in exchange for another but how to build up a complementary dialectical relationship between the two kinds of freedom so as to create a kind of harmony between political freedom and individual freedom Coexisting constitutional system.