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目的研究通过干预措施对孕前产检妇女进行口腔卫生宣教及洁治术对妊娠期龈炎及其造成的妊娠不良后果的预防效果。方法将350名接受孕前产检的妇女随机分为2组,1组接受口腔卫生宣教及超声洁治术,为实验组;另1组未接受干预措施,为对照组。比较2组初诊时和妊娠后复诊时的牙龈指数和比较2组孕产妇妊娠期龈炎发病率及进行产后随访。结果初诊时实验组和对照组牙龈指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在妊娠3个月和妊娠6个月复诊时,接受干预措施的实验组与对照组牙龈指数差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),实验组牙龈状况明显好于对照组;实验组妊娠期龈炎发病率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组妊娠结局、新生儿情况比较,早产儿和低体重儿明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕前进行口腔卫生宣教及超声洁治术能有效预防妊娠期龈炎及其造成的妊娠不良后果。
Objective To study the preventive effects of interventions on oral health education and clean-up treatment of pre-pregnancy women on gestational gingivitis and pregnancy-induced adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods A total of 350 pre-pregnancy women were randomly divided into two groups. One group received oral hygiene education and ultrasonic debridement, which was the experimental group. The other group received no intervention as the control group. The gingival index was compared between the two groups at the time of first visit and after pregnancy, and the incidence of gingivitis in the second trimester was compared. Postpartum follow-up was also conducted. Results There was no significant difference in gingival index between the experimental group and the control group at the time of first visit (P> 0.05). However, there was statistical difference in the gingival index between the experimental group and the control group at 3 months of gestation and 6 months of gestation (P <0.05). The gingival condition in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group. The incidence of gingivitis in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The experimental group pregnancy outcome, neonatal comparison, premature children and low birth weight children was significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Pre-pregnancy oral hygiene education and ultrasonic cleaning surgery can effectively prevent gestational gingivitis and pregnancy caused by adverse consequences.