沥青是煤焦油或石油分馏后所留下的残渣。根据它的来源可分为煤焦沥青、石油沥青、页岩沥青和天然沥青。沥青的化学成份很复杂。有关沥青的毒性研究报告很多,一般来说,沥青特别是煤焦沥青的烟和粉尘危害人体较严重,引起急、慢性损害,原因主要是由于它具有光敏感作用和刺激性。至于沥青与癌的关系,众所周知,长期接触沥青及其挥发性物质的人,癌的发病率增高。它是最早受到重视并被证实的与职业有关的致癌物质。 人们虽然对沥青与癌的关系的认识,经过了一个相当长的过程。但是,沥青及其挥发性物质究竟能够引起多少种癌,目前还无法说清楚。然而沥青对动物通过接触或吸入可能致癌却已被证实。早在1914年,日本山极和市 Bitumen is the residue left after coal tar or oil fractionation. According to its sources can be divided into coal tar pitch, petroleum bitumen, shale bitumen and natural bitumen. Asphalt chemical composition is very complicated. There are many reports on the toxicity of bitumen. In general, the smoke and dust of bitumen, especially coal tar pitch, endanger the human body more seriously and cause acute and chronic damage, mainly because of its photosensitivity and irritation. As for the relationship between bitumen and cancer, as we all know, long-term exposure to bitumen and volatile substances, the incidence of cancer increased. It is the earliest-known and proven occupational-related carcinogen. Although people’s understanding of the relationship between asphalt and cancer, after a very long process. However, it is still unclear how many kinds of cancer can cause by bitumen and its volatile substances. However, it has been confirmed that bitumen may be carcinogenic to animals through contact or inhalation. As early as 1914, Japan’s mountain and city