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甘肃省洮坪林区是一个以红桦为主的天然次生林区,总面积120万亩,蓄积量160万立方米,成过熟林蓄积72万立方米,其中红桦占96％。这片天然次生林地处少林地区,在维持生态平衡,涵养水源,保持水土,调节气候,保障农牧业生产等方面具有重要的作用。如何使这片森林在采伐后的迹地上得到及时更新,实现永续利用,青山常在呢?从本林区的社会经济和技术条件分析,进行大面积人工更新是有困难的;根据红桦林学特性等待天然更新也难以达到目的。为此,我们作了林粮间作促进天然下种更新的试验,据多年的观测证明,效果很好;为加速迹地更新找到了一条具有实用价值的更新方法。我们用林粮间作促进更新的试验,是1960年在该林区的黑沟和正沟进行的。1960—1965年连续进行了更新、植被、土壤、小气候等观测,1966—1980年作了部分调查,1981年9月进行最后一次调查。现将试验结果总结如下。
Ju Ping forest area in Gansu Province is a natural secondary forest dominated by red birch, with a total area of 1.2 million mu and a stock volume of 1.6 million cubic meters. The mature immature forest accumulates 720,000 cubic meters, of which red birch accounts for 96%. This natural secondary forest is located in the Shaolin area and plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance, conserving water, maintaining soil and water, regulating climate and ensuring the production of agriculture and animal husbandry. How to make this piece of forest in the traces of logging after the timely update, to achieve sustainable use, Castle Peak often? From the forest area of socio-economic and technical conditions, large-scale manual renovation is difficult; according to the red birch Forest features waiting for the natural update is also difficult to achieve the goal. To this end, we made intercropping trials to promote natural regeneration, which, according to years of observation, proved to be very effective and found a practical method of updating for the purpose of accelerating the development of trails. Our experiment in inter-crop forestry to promote renewal was carried out in Black Grove and Zhenggou in the forested area in 1960. From 1960 to 1965, continuous observations of vegetation, soil and microclimate were made. A partial survey was conducted from 1966 to 1980 and the last survey was conducted in September 1981. The test results are summarized below.