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目的探讨不同过敏原与小儿支气管哮喘之间的关系,了解食物过敏对哮喘反复发作的影响。方法将肇庆市第二人民医院儿科2012年6月1日至2015年1月1日收治的156例哮喘患儿(观察组)及130例正常儿童(对照组)进行过敏原检测,采用免疫印迹法检测血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(IgE)和总IgE,并对两组受试者直系亲属是否存在过敏性疾病病史进行统计。结果观察组患儿直系亲属的过敏病史比率明显多于对照组,且对于羊肉和虾的过敏比率也高于对照组,观察组患儿食物过敏原IgE阳性的发生率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在明确过敏原后给予相对治疗,其中显效73例,有效63例,无效20例,临床疗效为87.2%。结论长期食物过敏容易发生呼吸道过敏症状,早期进行饮食干预,有助于减少哮喘的发作。
Objective To investigate the relationship between different allergens and bronchial asthma in children and to understand the influence of food allergy on recurrent asthma. Methods A total of 156 asthmatic children (observation group) and 130 normal children (control group) who were admitted to the Second People’s Hospital of Zhaoqing from June 1, 2012 to January 1, 2015 were tested for allergen by Western blot Method to detect serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and total IgE, and statistics of the history of allergic diseases in the immediate relatives of two groups of subjects. Results The prevalence of allergy in the immediate relatives of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the rate of allergy to mutton and shrimp was also higher than that of the control group. The incidence of IgE-positive food allergens in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The relative treatment was given after the allergens were clear, of which 73 cases were markedly effective, 63 cases were effective and 20 cases were ineffective. The clinical effect was 87.2%. Conclusion Long-term food allergy prone to respiratory allergies, diet intervention early, help to reduce the onset of asthma.