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目的了解西城区中小学生关于油盐正确摄入知识的知晓率,并对其日常饮食行为进行调查,为预防慢性病、开展健康促进学校工作提供科学依据。方法方便抽取西城区2所初中七～八年级、2所小学三～五年级共计1 038名学生进行问卷调查。结果中小学生对15个油盐摄入健康知识知晓率均较低,最高为64.3%,最低仅为7.32%;其中一定不含对人体明确有害反式脂肪酸的物质知晓率女生高于男生(P=0.019);82.8%的中小学生每周6～7 d有蔬菜摄入;油炸面食、炸薯片、炸鸡翅每周6～7 d均有摄入的分别为1.2%,1.6%,1.8%。结论中小学生饮食结构合理,但对油盐摄入知识知晓率较低。应加强油盐摄入知识健康教育工作,并且重点对反式脂肪酸知识进行教育。
Objective To understand the awareness rate of primary and secondary school students about the correct intake of oil and salt in Xicheng District and to investigate their daily dietary behaviors so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing and curing chronic diseases and carrying out health promotion work in schools. The method is convenient for the extraction of two middle schools in Xicheng District from the seventh to the eighth grade, and 1,038 students from the third to the fifth grade in the two primary schools for questionnaire survey. Results The awareness rate of health knowledge among 15 primary and secondary school students was lower, up to 64.3%, and the lowest was only 7.32%. Among them, the rate of awareness of substance not explicitly harmful to trans fatty acids was higher in girls than in boys = 0.019); 82.8% of primary and secondary students had their vegetables taken 6-7 days a week; fried, fried potato chips and fried chicken wings were 1.2%, 1.6%, 1.8% %. Conclusion The diet structure of primary and middle school students is reasonable, but the knowledge of oil intake is low. Knowledge of health education should be strengthened salt intake, and focus on knowledge of trans fatty acids education.