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目的:探讨近五年来结直肠癌患者临床病理特征和变化趋势。方法:选取2009年1月~2013年12月间在本院行手术治疗后病理检查证实为结直肠癌的患者291例。收集其临床病理特征,并分不同性别和年龄段进行对比分析。结果:60~69岁、70~79岁结直肠癌发病率明显高于其他年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);五年内各发病部位的构成比之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。五年中腺癌比例呈明显的上升趋势,黏液腺癌比例呈逐年下降的趋势,中分化和高分化腺癌的构成比在五年中无明显改变。不同年龄段、病变部位、病理类型的结直肠癌患者中男女构成比之间均无明显差异(P>0.05)。不同发病年龄段之间结直肠癌的发病部位构成比之间无明显变化(P>0.05)。高分化腺癌比例随着发病年龄增长呈明显上升趋势,低分化癌比例呈明显下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论:60~79岁为本地区结直肠癌高发年龄段,且随着年龄增长,结直肠癌的恶性程度逐渐降低。
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and trends of colorectal cancer in recent five years. Methods: A total of 291 patients with colorectal cancer confirmed by pathology after surgery in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were selected. The clinical and pathological features were collected and compared by sex and age. Results: The incidence of colorectal cancer between 60-69 years old and 70-79 years old was significantly higher than that of other age groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportions of the various disease sites within five years (P> 0.05). In five years, the proportion of adenocarcinoma showed a significant upward trend, and the proportion of mucinous adenocarcinoma showed a declining trend year by year. The proportions of moderately differentiated and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma showed no significant changes in five years. There were no significant differences in the proportions of male and female patients in different age groups, lesions and pathological types of colorectal cancer (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of colorectal cancer between different age groups (P> 0.05). The proportion of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma showed an obvious upward trend with age of onset, and the proportion of poorly differentiated cancers showed a significant decrease (P <0.05). Conclusion: The age of 60 ~ 79 years old is the high incidence of colorectal cancer in this area. With the increase of age, the malignant degree of colorectal cancer is gradually decreased.