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1982～1985年,我们在北京的小麦不同播期试验中,观察了主茎叶片上从基部到叶尖的平行叶脉数。发现25个品种的主茎前三片叶上的叶脉数呈等差级数增加。春型品种的主茎第4、5片叶上叶脉数比第3叶大幅度增加;冬型品种的主茎第4、5片叶上的叶脉数比第3片叶平缓增加。根据主茎第5叶和第3叶的叶脉差数,用最小离差平方和法进行聚类分析,建立了品种生态型分类体系。在由10个生态型等级组成的连续等级系列中,冬性逐渐减弱,春性逐渐增强,对于任何一个品种,只要计数叶脉,就可判别它的生态型。
From 1982 to 1985, we observed the number of parallel veins from the base to the tip of the main stem leaf in different wheat sowing dates in Beijing. It was found that the number of leaf veins on the first three leaves of 25 varieties was increased by an arithmetic progression. The number of leaf veins on the fourth and fifth leaves of the spring type varieties increased greatly compared with that of the third leaf. The number of the veins on the fourth and fifth leaves of the main stem of the winter-type varieties increased more gently than the third leaf. According to the difference of leaf veins in the 5th and 3rd leaves of the main stem, cluster analysis was carried out by the least square deviation method and the ecotype classification system was established. In a series of 10 ecotypes of continuous grades, the winteriness gradually weakened and the springiness gradually increased. For any species, as long as the leaf veins are counted, the ecotype can be judged.