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以高直链玉米淀粉为原料,NaOH为催化剂,2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(ETA)为阳离子醚化剂,成功的制备了高取代度阳离子高直链淀粉。分别研究了反应溶剂、反应温度和时间、醚化剂用量、催化剂浓度等因素对产物取代度的影响。实验结果表明,当n(NaOH)/n(ETA)/n(脱水葡萄糖单元AGU)=0.30,反应溶剂为二氧六环和水(V/V=1∶1),n(ETA)/n(AGU)=2,反应温度为60℃,反应时间7h时,制备的阳离子淀粉取代度(DS)可达到1.27。采用FTIR、1 H-NMR和SEM表征了高取代度阳离子高直链淀粉的结构。絮凝实验表明,阳离子高直链淀粉可以作为一种良好的新型絮凝材料。
Highly-substituted cationic high amylose starch was successfully prepared from high-amylose corn starch as raw material, NaOH as catalyst and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (ETA) as cationic etherifying agent. The effect of reaction solvent, reaction temperature and time, amount of etherifying agent and catalyst concentration on the degree of product substitution were investigated. The experimental results show that when n (NaOH) / n (ETA) / n (anhydroglucose unit AGU) = 0.30, the reaction solvent is dioxane and water (V / V = (AGU) = 2, the reaction temperature is 60 ℃, reaction time 7h, the prepared cationic starch degree of substitution (DS) can reach 1.27. The structure of highly substituted cationic high amylose starch was characterized by FTIR, 1 H-NMR and SEM. Flocculation experiments show that cationic high amylose starch can be used as a good new flocculation material.