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目的 为下鼻甲手术提供局部解剖学数据。方法 在10侧成人头颈部标本上解剖观测了鼻后外侧动脉的来源、走行、分支、分布及吻合情况。结果 蝶腭动脉大多(90%)在蝶腭孔处已分为鼻后外侧动脉和鼻后中隔动脉,二者在蝶腭孔处外径分别为0.84mm和0.98mm。鼻后外侧动脉发出下鼻甲动脉和中鼻甲动脉,其外径分别为0.70mm和0.63mm。下鼻甲动脉在中鼻甲后端附着处下方约3mm处起始后垂直下行,经中鼻道粘膜下进入下鼻甲后方,在下鼻甲近内侧面与上面交界处的粘膜下前行,沿途分支分布于下鼻甲及下鼻道,且有分支与中鼻甲动脉吻合。结论 鼻后外侧动脉是鼻腔外侧壁血供的主要来源,下鼻甲部分切除术应注意保护下鼻甲动脉,以减少术中出血及并发症的发生,提高手术效果。
Objective To provide local anatomy data for inferior turbinate surgery. Methods The origin, course, branch, distribution and anastomosis of the posterolateral arteries were observed anatomically in 10 adult head and neck specimens. Results Most of the sphenopalatine arteries (90%) were divided into the posterolateral artery and the posterior septal artery at the sphenopalatine foramen. The external diameter of the sphenopalatine fossa was 0.84 mm and 0.98 mm, respectively. The posterolateral arteries issue the inferior turbinate artery and the middle turbinate artery, with an outer diameter of 0.70 mm and 0.63 mm, respectively. The inferior turbinate artery in the middle turbinate posterior attachment of about 3mm below the beginning of the vertical down after the sub-nasal mucosa into the inferior turbinate rear, near the inferior turbinate at the junction of the submucosal and the top of the line along the branch distribution Inferior turbinate and lower nasal passages, and branches and middle turbinate artery anastomosis. Conclusion The posterolateral artery posterior to the nasal cavity is the main source of blood supply to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. Partial inferior turbinate resection should be taken to protect the inferior turbinate artery to reduce intraoperative bleeding and complications and improve the surgical outcome.