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利用GIS软件空间内插值法分析鸭绿江河口近海湿地滩涂表层沉积物重金属的空间分布特征,并采用环境风险指数法和潜在生态危害指数法进行重金属元素的生态风险评价.结果表明:研究区表层沉积物中的重金属含量与国内典型河口湿地相比处于较高水平.从空间分布上看,重金属含量东部高于西部,在人类活动密集区存在明显的累积性.环境风险指数法分析结果表明,Cu对该区域环境污染的影响最大,而Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法分析结果表明,Hg和Cd的潜在生态危害最大,重金属的综合潜在生态危害指数介于93.65~507.20,平均值为189.30,属于中等生态危害,并以东部潜在危害程度最大,应作为今后重金属污染防治的重点区域.
The spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments of the coastal wetland tidal flat in the Yalu River estuary were analyzed by using the spatial interpolation method of GIS software and the ecological risk assessment of heavy metal elements was carried out by the method of environmental risk index and potential ecological risk index.The results showed that the surface sediments Heavy metal content is higher than that of the typical estuarine wetlands in China.From the spatial distribution, the content of heavy metals is higher in the eastern part than in the western part, and there is a significant accumulation in densely populated human activities.The analysis of environmental risk index shows that Cu The result of Hakanson potential ecological risk index showed that the potential ecological risk of Hg and Cd was the largest, the potential ecological risk index of heavy metals ranged from 93.65 to 507.20 with an average value of 189.30, which belonged to moderate ecological risk , With the greatest potential hazard to the east and should be the key area for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in the future.