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人的肠微绒毛及其水解酶,如二糖酶,碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和γ-谷酰胺转移酶(GGTF)由妊娠8周的胎儿产生,从妊娠10周肠微绒毛酶排入羊水中。在产前诊断实验室里,已应用这些酶,根据羊水里酶的活性低或缺乏诊断肠梗阻、囊性纤维化和染色体异常胎儿。已报告在羊水里二糖酶活性与膜结合,但这些膜的特性及起源尚未被断定。1985年Jalanko等应用不同方法学从羊水里提纯膜碎片,推论起源于胎儿肠,羊水中肠微绒毛的特性为产前发现与这些膜的异常有关的遗传状态开辟了新途径。从有染色体异常或神经管缺陷危险性的病人,于妊娠15～18周经腹部羊水穿刺取得羊水。仅对有
Human microvilli and their hydrolases, such as disaccharidase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGTF), are produced by the fetus at 8 weeks of gestation and released from the microvasculature at 10 weeks gestation Amniotic fluid. In prenatal diagnostic laboratories, these enzymes have been applied, based on the low activity of amniotic fluid enzymes or lack of diagnosis of intestinal obstruction, cystic fibrosis and chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses. It has been reported that the enzyme activity in the amniotic fluid is bound to the membrane, but the nature and origin of these membranes have not yet been determined. In 1985, Jalanko et al. Applied different methods to purify membrane fragments from amniotic fluid. It was deduced that the characteristics of microvilli originating in fetal intestine and amniotic fluid mesentery opened up a new way for the prenatal discovery of the genetic status associated with the abnormalities of these membranes. Amniotic fluid is obtained from abdominal amniocentesis from 15 to 18 weeks of gestation in patients at risk of chromosomal abnormalities or neural tube defects. Only for