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外汇汇兑风险是中国船队开始全球集装箱运输以来一直面临的一个难题 ,本文的目的是想选取一种或多种切实有效的方法从根本上来解决中国集装箱运输船队在外汇结算中的汇兑风险。主要采用以下两种方法 :第一 ,与所有国外代理的运使费结算采用单一币种———美元 ,减少非美元外汇汇兑。具体操作 ,美国以外的各海外代理在收取运费时 ,对收取的当地货币按照船舶抵港前三天的国际金融市场公布的牌价折换成美元价 ,代理用当地货币支付的使费也采用同样牌价折成美元同船公司结算 ,汇兑损益由代理自己负责。第二 ,船公司按不同的币制开设账户。让代理及时提供当地的经济和货币动态 ,也可利用INTERNET网来了解全球市场的金融动态 ,做好外汇资本的运作 (如兑换、利率等 ) ,把外汇的汇兑风险降到最低限。
Foreign currency exchange risk has always been a challenge that China’s fleet has been facing since the start of global container shipping. The purpose of this paper is to find a solution to one or more practical and effective ways to fundamentally solve the foreign exchange risk of container fleets in China. The following two methods are mainly used: First, a single currency, US dollar, is used to settle the operating expenses with all foreign agents to reduce non-US dollar foreign exchange. Specific operations, the United States and other overseas agents in the collection of freight, the local currency charged in accordance with the three days before the arrival of the ship international financial market price announced to the dollar price, the agent in the local currency to pay the same fee The price is folded into US dollars with the shipping company to settle the foreign exchange gains and losses by the agent himself. Second, shipping companies open accounts under different currency systems. Let the agents timely provide local economic and monetary dynamics. They can also use the INTERNET network to understand the financial dynamics of the global market, do a good job in the operation of foreign exchange capital (such as exchange rates, interest rates, etc.) and minimize the foreign exchange risk of exchange.