一、前言 形状记忆合金是一种新颖的功能材料。对形状记忆合金的研究工作,从数量上来说,已成为目前马氏体相变研究工作方面之最;从投入力量来说,美、苏、日、英、西德、比利时、瑞士等国的工作最多;就应用来说,全世界到1981年止已有专利100多种。1974年以来,有关的学术会议也已开了十二次之多。我们从1978年开始研究该合金。曾研制的热 I. Introduction Shape memory alloy is a novel functional material. In terms of quantity, research on shape memory alloys has become the most important aspect of research on martensitic transformation. From the perspective of input power, the research on shape memory alloys in the United States, the Soviet Union, Japan, Britain, West Germany, Belgium, Switzerland and other countries Work the most; the application of the world until 1981 has more than 100 kinds of patents. Since 1974, the academic conference has also been opened more than 12 times. We started to study the alloy from 1978. Have developed the heat