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在交际中,人称指示语的选择由有着不同社会关系的听话者和说话者所决定。同时,它又能改变交际中的听话者和说话者之间的语用距离,拉大或缩小人际关系距离。在一定程度上它体现人的社会属性,反映语言的人际功能。人们对初始语用距离的推断往往决定交际中对人称指示语的选择。而且有时在初始语用距离不变的情况下,通过改变相应的人称指示语来改变交际语用距离,会达到特殊的语用目的。
In communication, the choice of deixis is dictated by both the hearer and the speaker who have different social connections. At the same time, it can change the pragmatic distance between hearer and speaker in communication, and enlarge or reduce the interpersonal distance. To a certain extent, it reflects the social attribute of human and reflects the interpersonal function of language. People’s inference of initial pragmatic distance often determines the choice of personal deixis in communication. And sometimes in the case of the initial pragmatic distance unchanged, by changing the corresponding personal deixis to change the communicative pragmatic distance, will achieve the special purpose of pragmatics.