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在植物界,多倍体植物非常普遍.具有A,B,D三个部分同源染色体组的普通小麦是异源多倍体物种的一个典型代表.近几年,模拟普通小麦的起源过程进行的研究表明,从四倍体小麦注入节节麦整个基因组形成异源六倍体小麦的早期阶段,DNA序列和基因表达发生了可能有利于遗传“二倍化”的变化.利用普通小麦-黑麦远缘杂交自然结实的早代稳定特异小麦99L2研究发现:(ⅰ)99L2至少导入了两个黑麦染色体上的DNA片段,表明可能存在不同于传统的小麦-外源染色体配对重组的外源DNA导入机制;(ⅱ)99L2自身的DNA序列发生了变化,表明外源DNA部分片段注入小麦染色体组过程中,也可能导致小麦自身DNA序列发生变化.
In plant kingdom, polyploid plants are very common.The common wheat with three partial homologous chromosome groups A, B and D is a typical representative of allopolyploid species.In recent years, the process of mimicking the origin of common wheat The study showed that the DNA sequence and gene expression occurred at the early stage of allogeneic hexaploid wheat from tetraploid wheat injected into the whole genome of A. niliformis may be conducive to genetic “diploidization.” Using common wheat - black Studies of naturally stable early naturally stable wheat 99L2 by wheat distant crosses found that: (i) 99L2 introduced at least the DNA fragments from two rye chromosomes, suggesting that there may be a foreign source different from the traditional wheat-exogenous chromosome pair recombination DNA import mechanism; (ii) 99L2 its own DNA sequence has been changed, indicating that the exogenous DNA partial fragment into the genome of wheat chromosomes may also lead to changes in the wheat own DNA sequence.