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【目的】比较 Pavlik 吊带固定和高分子绷带外固定治疗产伤所致新生儿股骨干骨折的临床疗效。【方法】回顾性分析2005年5月至2014年1月本院收治的36例产伤所致新生儿股骨干骨折病例资料。按照治疗方法不同，分为 Pavlik 吊带组20例和高分子绷带组16例。比较两组治疗后1 d 正侧位片上骨折成角度数、Pavlik 吊带或高分子绷带固定时间、末次随访时双下肢长度差异、正侧位片上骨折成角度数、有无跛行、并发症发生情况。【结果】两组性别、就诊时日龄、孕周、出生体质量、治疗前股骨干正侧位片上骨折成角无显著差异(P >0.05)。两组治疗后1 d 股骨正侧位片股骨干成角比较差异有显著差异(P 0.05)。高分子绷带组中发生骶尾部Ⅰ度压疮2例，会阴部皮疹3例。Pavlik 吊带组未发现压疮及皮疹的病例。两组中均未发现骨折不愈合、股神经麻痹、股骨头缺血坏死的病例。【结论】Pavlik 吊带和高分子绷带外固定方法治疗新生儿产伤所致股骨干骨折均可达到良好复位，末次随访时肢体无明显不等长，行走时无跛行、疼痛，临床疗效均良好。但高分子绷带组并发症发生率高于 Pavlik 吊带组。Pavlik 吊带固定法更适用于新生儿产伤股骨干骨折。“,”Objective]To compare the clinical effects of Pavlik harness and cast immobilization in the management of birth-related femoral shaft fracture in newborns.[Methods]We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of birth-related femoral shaft fracture in newborns from May of 2005 to January of 2014.Accord-ing to the different treating methods,36 cases were divided into two groups:a Pavlik harness group (20 ca-ses)and a cast immobilization group (1 6 cases).The angulations of fracture by X-ray on day one post-treat-ment and the last follow-up day,fixation duration,limb length discrepancy,limp,and complications were all recorded and analyzed.[Results]Before treatment,there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,birth weight,gestation weeks,age of hospital admission,or angulations of fracture on X-ray (P >0.05).The angulations of fracture measured by X-ray on day one post-treatment showed significant differences between the two groups (P 0.05).There were two cases with bedsore in the sacrococcygeal region and three cases with vulvar rash in the cast immobilization group while no such complications were seen in the Pavlik harness group.No cases with bone nonunion,paralysis of Nervus Femoralis or Avascular Necrosis were recorded in ei-ther of the two groups.[Conclusion]Both Pavlik harness and cast immobilization obtained a great reduction of fractures in the management of birth-related femoral shaft fracture in newborns.Follow-up showed good clini-cal effects without limp or pain,but the complication rate of the cast immobilization group was higher than that of the Pavlik harness group.Therefore,we concluded that the Pavlik harness was more applicable in man-agement of birth-related femoral shaft fractures of newborns.