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目的调查南京地区献血者的HEV感染情况,对感染者的VP13抗体免疫水平进行分析研究;利用VP13抗体的型特异性,进行毒株分型。方法采用ELISA法,检测献血者标本的HEV-IgM、HEV-IgG;对筛选到的HEVIgM阳性标本进行HEV RNA核酸检测;使用Ⅰ-Ⅳ型HEV-VP13抗原包被ELISA板,检测患者血清中VP13抗体型别;对VP13抗体阳性的标本进行western blot验证,确证标本中VP13抗体的特异性。结果 ELISA检测献血者合格标本5 256份,其中HEV-IgM阳性为99份(1.88%),HEV-IgG阳性为1 624份(30.9%),HEV-IgM和HEV-IgG合并阳性为72份(1.37%)。HEV-IgM阳性标本中,检测到HEV RNA阳性标本1份(0.019%);HEV-VP13抗体阳性42份,占HEV-IgM阳性比42.4%。全部为基因Ⅰ型和Ⅳ型,Ⅰ型13例(30.9%),Ⅳ型37例(88.1%),Ⅰ型、Ⅳ型合并感染者8份(19%)。结论南京地区献血人群的合格血液中,能检测到HEV的多项标志物,存在HEV的传染风险。基于Ⅰ-Ⅳ型VP13抗体的免疫学检测,可用于区分HEV毒株的型别,对HEV感染确认具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of HEV infection in blood donors in Nanjing and to analyze the immunogenicity of VP13 antibody in infected individuals. The typing of VP13 antibody was used to identify the type of virus infection. Methods The HEV-IgM and HEV-IgG of blood samples were detected by ELISA. HEV RNA was detected by HEVgM positive samples. ELISA kit was used to coat HEV-VP13 antigen and the VP13 Antibody type; VP13 antibody-positive specimens were verified by western blot to confirm the specificity of the sample VP13 antibody. Results A total of 5 256 qualified samples were tested by ELISA. Among them, 99 (1.88%) were positive for HEV-IgM, 1 624 (30.9%) for HEV-IgG, 72 were positive for HEV-IgM and HEV-IgG 1.37%). HEV-IgM positive specimens detected HEV RNA positive specimens 1 (0.019%); HEV-VP13 antibody positive 42, accounting for HEV-IgM positive ratio of 42.4%. All were genotypes I and IV. Thirteen cases (30.9%) were type I and 37 (88.1%) were type IV and eight (19%) were serotype I and IV. Conclusion The qualified blood of the blood donors in Nanjing area can detect a number of HEV markers, and the risk of HEV infection exists. Based on the immunological detection of type I-IV VP13 antibody, it can be used to distinguish the types of HEV strains and is of great significance for the confirmation of HEV infection.