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我国西北等无霜期短的低温地区,处于农作物分布的边缘地带,一直只能种植当地形成的特早熟白菜型品种。要解决这类产区的品种优质问题,必需就地选育具有地方品种抗性的双低品种。 我们在白菜型早熟耐寒双低品种的选育方面,主要抓亲本选配、早熟性选择、耐寒性鉴定和品质筛选四个环节。早熟性选择以采摘早花角果为主,抗寒性鉴定在产区综合灾害性环境中进行。在生态亲本与品质亲本恰当组配的基础上,通过回交调整遗传成分,利用现代分析方法,筛选育成了一批整个生育阶段都能忍耐短暂零下温度的双低(低芥酸、低硫代葡萄糖甙)品系。把产区育种过程中选择压的运用,具体化为“在早熟群体中选双低,在双低群体内选早熟”这种两头挤的方式,驾驭着育种材料朝育种目标要求的方向发展。
Northwest China and other frost-free period of low temperature areas, in the margins of the distribution of crops, has been able to grow only locally grown cabbage-type varieties. In order to solve the problem of high quality varieties in these producing areas, it is necessary to breed double-breed varieties with local resistance in situ. In cabbage-type early-maturing cold hardy varieties breeding, we mainly focus on matching parents, early maturity selection, cold tolerance and quality screening of four links. Premature selection of early anther selection, cold hardiness identification in the producing areas of a comprehensive disastrous environment. On the basis of the proper combination of ecological parents and quality parents, the genetic components were back-crossed to adjust the genetic composition, using modern analytical methods to screen a series of double low (low erucic acid, low-sulfur Glucoside) lines. The selective pressure in the process of breeding in the producing areas is embodied in the two-crowded way of “selecting low in precocious populations and selecting precociously in double low populations”, and controls the development of breeding materials towards the requirements of breeding objectives.