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以无碳税政策的企业生产决策模型为基准,分别建立碳税政策下企业生产决策模型和企业生产与减排投资联合决策模型,求解并比较以上三个模型中企业的最优产量、碳排放量和利润。研究发现,碳税政策下:(1)若企业没有进行减排投资,当产品的初始单位碳排放量小于某一阈值时,产量、碳排放量和利润相比无碳税的情形都会降低;当产品的初始单位碳排放量大于这一阈值时,企业退出市场;(2)若企业进行减排投资,当产品的初始单位碳排放量小于某一阈值时,不仅产量可达到无碳税的情形,而且实现零排放,此外也可使其延迟退出市场。最后,通过数值算例验证和分析相关的命题和推论,并针对企业的生产与减排决策和政府制定碳税政策提出了一些建议。
Based on the enterprise production decision-making model of carbon tax-free policy, the paper establishes the joint-venture decision-making model under the carbon tax policy and the corporate production and emission reduction investment decision-making model, and solves and compares the optimal output, carbon emission Volume and profit. The results show that under the carbon tax policy, (1) if the enterprises do not invest in emission reduction, the carbon emission of the initial unit of the product will be lower than a certain threshold when the carbon emission tax will be lower than that of the carbon tax; When the unit initial carbon emission is greater than the threshold, the enterprise withdraws from the market; (2) If the enterprise invests in carbon emission reduction, when the initial unit carbon emission of the product is less than a certain threshold, not only the output can reach the carbon-free tax Situation, but also to achieve zero emissions, in addition it can delay its exit from the market. Finally, some numerical examples are used to verify and analyze the relevant propositions and inferences, and some suggestions are put forward for enterprises’ production and emission reduction decisions and the government’s carbon tax policy.